Question

Click to review the online content. Then answer the question(s) below, using complete sentences. Scroll down to view additional questions. Online Content: Site 1 Online Content: Site 2 Explain in detail how Galen, a physician during the Middle Ages, expanded on Hippocrates’ theory of the four humors and explain what he believed each humor represented. (Site 1)

Answer 1

(Site 1)

Today’s psychologists frequently focus on how brain chemistry affects how we feel. Interestingly, early scientists also studied biology and anatomy to look for connections to human personality, but in different ways. Though Galen lived during the height of the Roman Empire, his theories about human personality influenced medicine and the study of anatomy for hundreds of years. Hippocrates, often considered the father of modern medicine, was an ancient Greek scientist and philosopher. He is most famously known for his theories about humor in the body. Rather than looking for mystical causes of sickness and suffering, Hippocrates focused on human anatomy. Hippocrates believed that illness occurred when these liquids were out of balance in the body. The goal for doctors was to help patients heal by finding ways to even out this humor.

(Site 2)

Sigmund Freud was born in Austria-Hungary in 1856, Freud studied to be a doctor at the University of Vienna. In addition to medicine, he studied philosophy, zoology, and physiology. In 1900, Freud published a very influential book, The Interpretation of Dreams. Though this book covered many topics, it focused on the unconscious mind and the importance of dreams. In talking with patients over the years, Freud noticed strong connections between what people dream and their daily lives. Building on the idea of the unconscious mind, Freud published a second book, The Psychopathology of Everyday Life, in 1901. This book discussed how unconscious thoughts and desires come out in public situations. Freud’s ideas about the unconscious were very influential in the field of psychology.

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Answer 2

Galen was a famous physician in the Roman Empire. He developed the theory of opposites based on the discovery of Hippocrates’ four humor theory.

Four humour theory of Hippocrates asserted that human body is contained of four essential liquids called which included yellow bile, black bile, phlegm and blood. Galen’s theory of opposites stated that if the constituent of phlegm is high in blood then foods which are dry have to be eaten.

Galen also invented that the flow of blood is through arteries and not as believed previously.