Answer:
The correct answer is - a hypothesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
A hypothesis is assumed or proposed explanation established on some prior known evidence, study or experiments. It is an explanation that is formed to test if the assumption or idea made on prior knowledge is valid or not.
As it mentions that Olga assumed that lifting weights have a similar effect as aerobic exercise has, which is an improvement in memory is based on the research.
Thus, the correct answer is - a hypothesis.