Answer:
The McCulloch v. Maryland decision established the doctrine of implied powers, meaning the federal government can create policy instruments deemed necessary and appropriate to fulfill its constitutional responsibilities. The case also affirmed the principle of national supremacy embodied in Article VI of the Constitution, namely, that the Constitution and legitimate federal laws trump state laws.
Step-by-step explanation:
The conflict of the McCulloch v. Maryland case (1819) originated when James W. McCulloch, a cashier of the Baltimore branch of the bank, refused to pay a tax that the state of Maryland had imposed on The Second Bank of the United States. In Court, the state of Maryland appealed that the establishment of the Second Bank was unconstitutional since the Constitution didn't say anything about granting that power to Congress.
Nevertheless, the Supreme Court determined that Congress indeed had the power to establish a national bank, as one of its "implied powers" supported by the Necessary and Proper Clause of the U.S. Constitution because the bank would help to carry out the government's functions. Likewise, the Court also decided that even though the states retained the power of taxation, the Constitution's laws were supreme and could not be controlled by the states, thereby, affirming the principle of national supremacy.