Final answer:
Option B, where a cactus stores water to survive dry periods, is an example of homeostasis. This biological process allows organisms to keep internal conditions stable, ensuring survival in various environmental conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
An example of homeostasis is seen in option B: A cactus stores water during wet periods, allowing it to survive through dry periods. Homeostasis refers to the ability of organisms to maintain internal conditions within a narrow range almost constantly, despite environmental changes. It literally means "steady state."
For instance, during a long walk on a hot day, your body employs homeostatic mechanisms to maintain internal health despite sweating profusely. These include increasing the transport of blood from your core to your body periphery to dissipate heat through the skin, and regulating the amount of water in your body to prevent dehydration. As for desert plants or animals, they have evolved various adaptations for homeostasis in extreme temperatures. A cactus, for example, conserves water by storing it when available and minimizing evaporation through features such as thick cuticles and spines instead of leaves.