Answer:
Subduction of Pacific plate under North American plate
Step-by-step explanation:
There has been constant collision between the two plates, namely the Pacific plate and the Central American plate. As a result of which the Pacific plate has got subducted and rate of subduction is very intense and fast here because this lies in the region, commonly known as the "ring of fire".
Due to this subduction, the plates at great depth undergoes dehydration and partial melting occurs, that allows the magma to rise up to the surface forming volcanoes on the central America. There exist a huge number of volcanoes that includes cinder cone, composite as well as shield volcanoes.