Question

How do cells become specialized so they can have specific functions?

A. They all have the same DNA but activate different genes specific to their needs.
B. Your cerebellum signals the cells telling them what type to turn into.
C. Each type of cells has its own DNA instructions for its function.
D. Special 'command cells' tell them what type of cell to turn into.

Answer 1

The answer is A.
All our cells contain the same set of genetic material in the nuclei. These are found on DNA molecules by replication. However, transcription into mRNA and translation into functional proteins only involves the gene segment which is responsible for the function of the cell. That is each cell activates the set of genes responsible for the expression of its function, and that’s differentiation.