Answer: 1. Option (d) is correct.
2. Option (b) is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
Liquidity trap is a situation in which interest rate are too low and saving rate is too high. So, in this situation consumers avoid to hold any bond and keep their money into the savings account because they expect that interest will increase in the future.
Monetary policy also become ineffective in the situation of liquidity trap. So, further increase in the money supply have not an impact on government spending and investment.
Because nominal interest rate is falling during the situation of liquidity trap, then they cannot be lowered any further.
Lower interest rate attract the investors to further increase their investments. During the liquidity trap, interest rates are low and investments are high. So, firms are unlikely to undertake investment during liquidity traps.