Question

Comparing the energies of the following intermolecular forces on a kJ/mol basis, which would normally have the highest energy (i.e., be the strongest force)?

A) ion-induced dipole

B) dipole-induced dipole

C) ion-dipole

D) dipole-dipole

E) dispersion

Answer 1

The strength of intermolecular forces can be ranked as follows: dispersion forces, dipole-induced dipole forces, dipole-dipole forces, ion-induced dipole forces, ion-dipole forces.

Step-by-step explanation:

The intermolecular forces can be ranked in terms of increasing strength as follows:

1. Dispersion forces (London dispersion forces)
2. Dipole-induced dipole forces
3. Dipole-dipole forces
4. Ion-induced dipole forces
5. Ion-dipole forces

Dispersion forces, also known as London dispersion forces, are the weakest intermolecular forces. They occur between all atoms and molecules, regardless of polarity. Dipole-induced dipole forces and dipole-dipole forces are stronger and occur between polar molecules. Ion-induced dipole forces and ion-dipole forces are even stronger and occur between ions and polar molecules, or between two ionized species.

Answer 2

Answer: option C, ion-dipole

Step-by-step explanation:

Since the order of intermolecular forces is as follows

Ion-dipole > Hydrogen bonding> Dipole-dipole> dipole -induced dipole> ion induced dipole> dispersion forces