Answer:
451.2 million
Explanation:
We can write the exponential growth equation as ...
N(t) = 231·e^(0.0103(t-1980))
Then N(2045) = 231·e^(0.0103(2045-1980)) = 231·e^0.6695 ≈ 451.2
The population is predicted to be 451.2 million in 2045 if the growth continues at the same rate.