The correct answer is A. Gentrification
Step-by-step explanation:
The term "gentrification" refers to the process in which neighborhoods or areas that are considered as poor or from low value are transformed into central areas by creating wealthy neighborhoods, new businesses, and important buildings. This process makes cities and area grow but also in most cases displaces former residents as they are unable to pay for goods and services because these become more expensive.
Considering the previous ideas, the pattern described refers to gentrification because in the U. S. and Russia poor areas and buildings are transformed into upscale apartments and as a result of this long-time residents are displaced which implies areas from low value are transformed into central areas and therefore gentrification occurs.