Question

What is protein synthesis?

A) Protein synthesis is the process through which cells capture DNA and chemically "force" it to do their "bidding."
B) Protein synthesis is the process through which cells decay, also known as necrosis.
C) Protein synthesis is the process through which cells read DNA and build the molecular components of new cells.
D) Protein synthesis is the process through which cells read DNA, and then edit it in order to produce a genome that is more fit for future generations.

Answer 1

C) Protein synthesis is the process through which cells read DNA and build the molecular components of new cells.

Step-by-step explanation:

DNA is the genetic material of the organisms. It stores the genetic information used to make the molecules and other components required for the new cells. This process of formation of molecules is called protein synthesis. During protein synthesis, The DNA forms a complementary messenger RNA (mRNA) in the nucleus of a cell. Synthesis of mRNA from DNA is called transcription. The mRNA released into the cytoplasm where codons on mRNA sequence translate into a polypeptide or protein molecules by linking a chain of amino acids by peptide bonds.

Answer 2

The correct option is: C) Protein synthesis is the process through which cells read DNA and build the molecular components of new cells.

Step-by-step explanation:

Protein synthesis or protein biosynthesis, is the process in which the biological cells produce new proteins with the help of the double helix DNA present in the genome.

This process can be mainly divided into:

1. Transcription: It involves the synthesis of mRNA from the DNA template strand. The mRNA carries the information for the protein synthesis.

2. Translation: In this process, the synthesized mRNA directs the synthesis of protein with the help of tRNA.

Thus, the process of protein synthesis involves reading of the DNA present in the genome and synthesizing protein to build the various components of the cells.