Question

Identify the Brønsted-Lowry acid, the Brønsted-Lowry base, the conjugate acid, and the conjugate base in each reaction:

(a) C5H5N(aq)+H2O(l)→C5H5NH+(aq)+OH−(aq)
(b) HNO3(aq)+H2O(l)→H3O+(aq)+NO3−(aq)

Answer 1

In the reactions given, C5H5N acts as the Brønsted-Lowry base and H2O as the acid in the first reaction, forming C5H5NH+ as the conjugate acid and OH- as the conjugate base. In the second reaction, HNO3 is the acid and H2O is the base, yielding H3O+ as the conjugate acid and NO3- as the conjugate base.

Step-by-step explanation:

According to the Brønsted-Lowry theory, an acid is a substance that donates a proton (H+), and a base is a substance that accepts a proton. When an acid donates a proton, it forms its conjugate base, and when a base accepts a proton, it forms its conjugate acid. In the provided reactions:

• (a) C5H5N(aq) is the Brønsted-Lowry base (BB) as it accepts a proton, H2O(l) is the Brønsted-Lowry acid (BA) as it donates a proton, C5H5NH+(aq) is the conjugate acid (CA) of the pyridine after accepting a proton, and OH−(aq) is the conjugate base (CB) of water after donating a proton.
• (b) HNO3(aq) is the Brønsted-Lowry acid (BA) as it donates a proton, H2O(l) is the Brønsted-Lowry base (BB) as it accepts a proton, H3O+(aq) is the conjugate acid (CA) of the water after accepting a proton, and NO3−(aq) is the conjugate base (CB) of the nitric acid after donating a proton.

Answer 2

C5H5N is the base and C5H5NH+ is the conjugate acid

H2O is the acid and OH− is the conjugate base

Step-by-step explanation:

Hydrogen + is also called a proton

C5H5N is the base because it receives the proton (H+) and C5H5NH+ is its conjugate acid

H2O is the acid because it gives up the proton and OH− is the conjugate base because it is capable of receiving the proton

Answer:

HNO3 is the acid and NO3- is the conjugate base

H2O is the base and H3O+ is the conjugate acid

Explanation

HNO3 is the acid and NO3− is its conjugate base, capable of receiving a proton

H2O is the base because it receives the proton and H3O+ is a conjugate acid capable of giving up the proton.