Answer:
A. Sequence of three nucleotides in a tRNA molecule that is complementary to a codon in mRNA : ANTICODON
B. Protein that helps other proteins fold properly: CHAPERONE
C. In horizontal gene transfer, physiological condition in which a bacterial cell is capable of taking up DNA : COMPETENT
D. To form a double-stranded duplex from two complementary strands of nucleic acid : ANNEAL
E. A microorganism requiring an organic growth factor: AUXOTROPH
Step-by-step explanation:
The tRNA has an anticodon sequence of three nucleotides which is complementary to the codon of mRNA. Binding of mRNA codon-tRNA anticodon position the aminoacyl tRNA on ribosomal subunits.
The chaperone is the proteins that serve in the proper folding of other partially folded or incorrectly folded proteins. Examples of chaperones include HSP70 protein family.
A recipient cell that can take up the foreign DNA is said to be a competent cell. Sometimes, heat shock and calcium chloride treatments are used to make a cell competent for gene uptake.
Annealing refers to the process of formation of the double helix of nucleic acid by base pairing between complementary bases of two DNA or RNA strands.
A mutant organism that can grow only when certain nutrients or growth factor is present in the medium is said to be auxotroph.