Question

Congress passes legislation that requires all people to have health insurance or pay fines to the government. The president analyzes the legislation and signs it. Several different individuals challenge the law as unconstitutional, and the United States Supreme Court agrees to hear the case. After the hearing, the justices declare that the law is constitutional. This is an example of:

Answer 1

The system of checks and balances.

Step-by-step explanation:

The system of check and balances is the system whereby all three branches of the government (the legislative, the executive and the judicial) oversees, check, limit the other so no parts abuse from their powers.

Through this system, each branch can respond to the action of the other, and one example that exemplifies it best is the process of passing laws: When Congress passes a bill, it goes to the President for signature. If the President signs it, it becomes a law, but if they veto the bill, then the bill is sent back to Congress to have a chance of overriding the Presidential veto with enough votes. Lastly, once legislation is enacted and is being enforced, the Supreme Court (who has the authority to hear special cases) has the power of Judicial Review, that is to say, the ability to review the bill and determine whether it is unconstitutional. This is exactly the process outlined in the statement provided.