The correct answer is D) All of the above.
Political parties learned to increase their chances of winning elections by offering jobs to supporters, making sure supporters turned out to vote, and discouraging supporters of opponents from voting.
They say that in Politics, everything is valid to win an election. Well, as harsh as it sounds, as you check the history of political campaigns in the United States, the affirmation is valid. Political parties invest millions of dollars in the candidate's campaign. That is why they need to fund rising events to collect the money needed to support the campaign. Political parties not only rely on marketing or advertisement but in debates and confrontation with the rival. They promise rewards to people who closely work in the campaign and ask them to promote the vote for its candidate.