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A rain gutter is to be constructed from a metal sheet of width 30 cm by bending up one-third of the sheet on each side through an angle θ. How should θ be chosen so that the gutter will carry the maximum amount of water?

1 Answer

4 votes

Answer:

θ = 60°

Explanation:

The cross sectional area of the trapezoid shape will be that of a trapezoid with bases of 10 cm and (10 cm + 2·(10 cm)·cos(θ)) and height (10 cm)·sin(θ).

That area in cm² is ...

A = (1/2)(b1 +b2)h = (1/2)(10 + (10 +20cos(θ))(10sin(θ)

A = 100sin(θ)(1 +cos(θ))

A graphing calculator shows this area to be maximized when ...

θ = π/3 radians = 60°

_____

A will be maximized when its derivative with respect to θ is zero. That derivative can be found to be 2cos(θ)² +cos(θ) -1, so the solution reduces to ...

cos(θ) = 1/2

θ = arccos(1/2) = π/3

A rain gutter is to be constructed from a metal sheet of width 30 cm by bending up-example-1
User Gabor Szekely
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