Question

1. An enzyme is considered a(n) ____ because it speeds up a chemical reaction without being used up.2. In a catalyzed reaction, a reactant is often called a(n) _______.3. An enzyme is specific because the shape of its ______ matches only particular reactants.4. An enzyme speeds up reactions by lowering the _______.5. The _____ between an active site and its substrate often strains bonds and helps the reaction proceed.6. A(n)________ , which is often a vitamin, binds to an enzyme and plays a role in catalysis.7. High temperatures or changes in pH can _______ an enzyme, causing it to lose its shape and biological activity.

Answer 1

1. Biocatalyst; 2. A substrate; 3. Active site; 4. Activation energy; 5. Induced fit; 6. Co-factor

Step-by-step explanation:

- Enzymes are proteins that catalyse the biochemical reactions, hence they are also called as biocatalyst.

- In the presence of enzymes, the substrate/reactants are converted to products at a faster rate i.e they speed up the reaction.

- In the tertiary structure of protein, the chain folds upon itself, the chain criss-cross itself and result in the formation of pockets, one such pocket is active site.

- Substrate molecules bind or fit in to the active site of enzyme. For a reaction to start an external supply of energy is needed, it is called activation energy and is provided by living systems.

- Enzymes can lower the activation energy there by increasing the rate of reaction.

- Some enzymes can function only in association with certain non-protein substance called co-factors.

Answer 2

(1)Catalyst, (2) substrate, (3) active site, (4)activation energy, (5)induced fit, (6)cofactor, (7)denature

Step-by-step explanation:

An example of an enzyme is carbonic anhydrase. It catalyzes the reversible reaction between water and carbon dioxide, in the body, to form carbonic acid. This reaction would normally be very slow but is sped up in the body. This allows the body to regulate the pH of the blood and also helps gets rid of carbon dioxide from the tissues.