Answer:
Option B. The passage represents the Columbian Exchange.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Columbian Exchange was named after Italian explorer Christopher Columbus, and refers to the movement of commodities, food, people, animals and plants, seeds, culture and diseases between the Americas, Europe, Africa and Asia. As the passage says, the colonization of America in the hands of Columbus meant that produce like corn, potatoes and sweet potatoes, sugar, wheat, many fruits and vegetables that were discovered through all the American continent, were now accessible to Europe, Africa and Asia. In return, the Americas were receiving sheep, chickens and diseases, carried by the animals and the colonizers. The Columbian Exchange represented the global impact that colonization and trade had over the world, with a huge spike in population numbers, and also in cultural exchanges, with a massive flow of people (both free and enslaved) between different regions.