Question

What theme is common to the two excerpts below?

. . . His theory of running until he reached camp and the boys had one flaw in it: he lacked the endurance. Several times he stumbled, and finally he tottered, crumpled up, and fell. When he tried to rise, he failed. He must sit and rest, he decided, and next time he would merely walk and keep on going. As he sat and regained his breath, he noted that he was feeling quite warm and comfortable. He was not shivering, and it even seemed that a warm glow had come to his chest and trunk. And yet, when he touched his nose or cheeks, there was no sensation. Running would not thaw them out. Nor would it thaw out his hands and feet. Then the thought came to him that the frozen portions of his body must be extending. He tried to keep this thought down, to forget it, to think of something else; he was aware of the panicky feeling that it caused, and he was afraid of the panic. But the thought asserted itself, and persisted, until it produced a vision of his body totally frozen.
(Jack London, To Build a Fire)

Presently the boat also passed to the left of the correspondent with the captain clinging with one hand to the keel. He would have appeared like a man raising himself to look over a board fence, if it were not for the extraordinary gymnastics of the boat. The correspondent marvelled that the captain could still hold to it.

They passed on, nearer to shore—the oiler, the cook, the captain—and following them went the water-jar, bouncing gayly over the seas.
The correspondent remained in the grip of this strange new enemy—a current. The shore, with its white slope of sand and its green bluff, topped with little silent cottages, was spread like a picture before him. It was very near to him then, but he was impressed as one who in a gallery looks at a scene from Brittany or Algiers.

He thought: "I am going to drown? Can it be possible? Can it be possible? Can it be possible?" Perhaps an individual must consider his own death to be the final phenomenon of nature."
(Stephen Crane, The Open Boat)

Answer 1

In both excerpts, each character is contemplating his own death.

Answer 2

Humanity's helplessness against nature

Step-by-step explanation:

A theme is a message or a universal lesson that a literary work expresses about a topic and that we can apply to our lives or to other literary works. Very often, this message is not directly stated in the story so we need to figure it out.

In the excerpts, one theme that is common to the both of them is "Humanity's helplessness against nature" because in the first excerpt, the man is unable to control the nature of his body, his thoughts, his fears, his doubts, and is unable to act and react according to what he wanted: to reach camp and the boys, and in the second excerpt there is a similar situation: a character feels helpless to what they think is going to happen, he also feels unable to control their fears and their possible death.