Answer:
c) A subduction boundary
Step-by-step explanation:
The subduction zones occur at places where two plates form a convergent plate boundary, and one of the plates is subducting below the other plate. As one of the plate is moving below the other plate, there's lot of stress and adjustments going in the crust, resulting in numerous cracks all along the plate boundary. The magma from the astenosphere manages to get up and comes out on the surface. Some of the magma will not be able to reach out of the water, while some will be able to, and the ones that manage to get above the water are creating volcanic islands. As this is happening all along the boundary, there will be a chain of lot of volcanic islands, but also volcanoes rising on the land as well, which will create volcanic mountain ranges as well. We can see this perfectly well at the ''Ring of Fire'', as we have lot of volcanic islands, and lot of volcanic mountain ranges in close proximity to the subduction zones.