1. D. the development of trade and cooperation among many different countries
The global interdependence has it sown pros and cons. As a consequence of the global interdependence there has been a significant increase in development of trade and cooperation among many different nations. Since the movement of goods has become so easy, the regions had started to specialize in only certain things that are the best suited for there, thus mass produce them. They export their goods all over the world, and import goods that other regions have produced.
2. A. after one nation establishes trade barriers against another the second nation retaliates with its own trade barriers
There are lot of examples around the world where nations put trade barriers between each other, even though we leave in the age of globalization. The reasons for the trade barriers are numerous, and they can be to protect the domestic producers, political tensions, military conflict etc. Whichever way it is, it works in both ways, as after one nation sets trade barriers for another nation, that nation will also set trade barriers toward the nation that put trade barriers against it.
3. A. deforestation
In order for the countries to develop their economy, they need to have suitable land for building the facilities for the industry. As naturally the land doesn't comes cleared on its won, but instead it is often covered with vegetation, it has to be cleared up. This mostly affects the forests, as they are the ones that usually are cut, cleared, and totally destroyed so that some industry can be set on its place. Because of the severity of the scale at which the deforestation happens, we are in a situation where we have to turn things around as the environment has been very badly damaged, and sooner or later that will backfire on the humans as well.
4. a. terrorism
b. immigration
d. the handling of refugees
The countries all over the world tend to be more and more cooperative between each other. The cooperation comes in numerous fields such as the threat of terrorism, immigration, and the handling of refugees. The terrorism is a danger to most of the countries, and it is something that operates in numerous places at once through well organized networks. In order to prevent terrorist attacks, recruitment of people, and capture the terrorist, the countries work together and help each other through their surveillance systems and anti-terrorist forces. The immigration takes places between two or more countries, so a collaboration is a must between the countries as the people that immigrate have one country as a staring point, move to another country, and maybe pass through several others in meantime. In order for everything to be in perfect order, the countries have to collaborate and share information between each other. The handling of the refugees is a big problem, especially if it is a very large mass of people. The refugees pass through multiple countries until they reach their final destination, so the countries have to collaborate, share information, make checks of the people that come in or pass through, make their journey safe, as well as make their own citizens secure etc.