Final answer:
The phrases are matched to the essay types as follows: Sara studied the reason for discarding the painting at that time (Cause and effect essay), the team decided to challenge the call (Problem and solution essay), finding the watering hole (Descriptive essay), and the assumption about democracy in eastern Europe (Compare and contrast essay).
Step-by-step explanation:
To match the phrases with the correct types of essays, one must understand the different reasoning strategies and the purpose of the writing. Each phrase suggests a particular focus that aligns with a specific type of essay. Here is the matching based on the given phrases:
- Cause and effect essay: "Sara studied the reason for discarding the painting at that time." - This phrase indicates exploring the reasons behind an action, which is characteristic of a cause and effect essay.
- Problem and solution essay: "The team decided to challenge the call so that they might still be able to make the playoffs." - This phrase presents a problem (risk of not making playoffs) and a solution (challenging the call), fitting the problem and solution essay structure.
- Descriptive essay: "Finding the watering hole was the most important part of the expedition studying the animal’s habitat." - The focus here is on describing a significant aspect of an event, which is typical of a descriptive essay.
- Compare and contrast essay: "There is an assumption that democracy is failing in eastern Europe. On the contrary, it is far healthier there than in parts of western Europe." - This phrase compares two regions, which aligns with the structure of a compare and contrast essay.