For the first one, the angles are vertical so they have the same measurement. Set them equal.
110 = 6x + 2; subtract 2 from both sides
108 = 6x; divide both sides by 6
18 = x
For the second one, there are a total of 180° in a triangle so set them equal to 180.
2x + 16 + 42 = 180
2x + 58 = 180; subtract 58 from both sides
2x = 122; divide both sides by 2
x = 61
I hope this helps!