Answer:
Peaceful
Step-by-step explanation:
After the loss of credibility of Gorbachev and large displeasure because of the reforms he wanted to implement, the general public didn't wanted to be part of the Soviet Union anymore and that was used by some regional political figures. So at the beginning of the the 1990's they started to negotiate about gaining independence. In general the negotiations about gaining independence were in a peaceful manner and numerous countries separated from the Soviet Union. Not all regions that wanted independence managed to gain it though and the main reason for that was that they either had very small populations. were not well organized politically or the Russians didn't see it as a good strategy for their own national integrity.