5. Given a specific value of
, the corresponding
value is obtained from
You're given
and that
when
. This means
6. Same as 3 and 4. I assume you have a calculator you can use to find
. You should get around 0.9878.
7. We're told that 18.72 is 1.5 standard deviations below the mean of 31.5. This translates to