The main purpose of the calpulli was to control the use of the lands to cultivate.
The Calpulli were groups of families whose main purpose was the one mentioned before as well as a taxation unit. These groups were the one which owned lands in Aztec Civilization. Besides, they had some other social functions.
The calpulli families were the lowest and most populous social unit in the Aztec empire and they constituted the basic unit of the government.