Answer:
) Identify the 5 tools and provide
description:
The 5 tools for decoding unfamiliar words are:
1) Root word and affix: Prefixes like (in-, dis-, mis-), and suffixes like (-ble,
-ful, -less, -ly, -men), can help clarify the meaning of the word.
2) Tone: hearing the tone given to the sentence may help understand the feeling
of the word.
3) Definition: The word or phrase may be defined again in the sentence.
4) Example or illustration: There might be examples or illustrations in the
text that lead to the understanding of the word. Usually they are provided
after the use of words such as: such as, other, include, these, and for example.
5) Grammar: Understanding whether a word is a noun, pronoun, adjective, adverb,
verb, can help to determine the purpose of the sentence and meaning of the
word.
B) Provide an example of how it is used to help
decode an unfamiliar word.
1) Root word and
affix: “Circumference”, with the root Circum- meaning Around.
2) Tone: “The lugubrious cries of the child”. Lugubrious meaning Sad,
Depressing.
3) Definition: “Wendy was known as capricious, with unpredictable behavior that
made her mood change quickly”. The word Capricious is later described in the
sentence.
4) Example or illustration: “The town planted many coniferous trees around the
park, including pines, firs, and spruces”. A list of examples is provided to
describe what kind of tree it is.
5) Grammar: “The school could avert the spread of flu by closing the school”. Avert
is a verb. Understanding the other actions in the sentence may lead to understating
the meaning of the word.
C) Evaluate the usefulness of each tool and
assess in which situations you would use each tool for decoding.
1) Root word and
affix: This is probably the most useful one. It can be used anytime and for
almost any word.
2) Tone: It could be misleading in some cases. It is one of the least useful
ones as it does not guarantee the knowledge of the word, but it can only give
an idea of what it might mean, more or less.
3) Definition: This is only useful if an explanation is given.
4) Example or illustration: These are very useful as they jump right to the
eye. It can be used when there is a list of examples and the words “such as,
other, include, these, and for example” are present.
5) Grammar: This tool might be the least useful one, as it could result
complicated to identify the grammar of the word. It could be used when you are
sure if the word is either a noun, a pronoun, an adjective, an adverb, or a
verb.
Step-by-step explanation: