Question

What is the bond order .? calculate the bond order of H2.

Answer 1

The bond order of H₂ is 1, calculated by subtracting the number of antibonding electrons from the number of bonding electrons (2 - 0), then dividing by 2. A bond order of 1 corresponds to a single covalent bond between the two hydrogen atoms.

Step-by-step explanation:

The bond order is a term in chemistry that refers to the number of chemical bonds between a pair of atoms. To calculate the bond order of H₂ (dihydrogen), we utilize molecular orbital theory. Given that the 0₁s (bonding) molecular orbital contains two electrons and the ot (antibonding) molecular orbital is empty, the calculation is straightforward. The bond order is calculated as one-half the net number of bonding electrons, which, in this case, is one-half the difference between the number of bonding and antibonding electrons:

Bond order of H₂ = ((bonding electrons) - 0 (antibonding electrons)) ÷ 2 = 2÷ 2 = 1.

This result corresponds to the single covalent bond observed between the two hydrogen atoms in a H₂ molecule, making the bond relatively strong and stable. The bond order of 1 reflects a single bond, which aligns with experimental data indicating that H₂ has a bond length appropriate for a single bond.

Answer 2

Bond order: 1.

Explanation

How many chemical bonds in a H₂ molecule?

There is one valence electron in each neutral H atom. Refer to a periodic table. H is one electron away from the closest noble gas: He. The H atoms need to achieve the noble gas configuration of He to be stable. For that, each H atom needs one more electron. There are two H atoms in an H₂ molecule. It will take 2 × 1 = 2 more electrons for both H atoms in each H₂ molecule to become stable.

Unlike ions, the H₂ molecule is neutral. There's no no extra electron for the H atoms. The two atoms need to share electrons with each other by forming chemical bonds. One chemical bond adds one electron to both bonding atoms. As a result, each bond will add two electrons to the molecule.

The H₂ molecule needs 2 extra electrons, which corresponds to 2 / 1 = 1 chemical bond.

What's the bond order?

`\displaystyle\text{Bond Order} = \frac{\text{Number of Bonds}}{\text{Number of Bonding Sites}}`.

The two H atoms in an H₂ molecule forms

• one H-H chemical bond over
• one bonding site between the two H atoms.

As a result,

`\displaystyle\text{Bond Order} = \frac{\text{Number of Bonds}}{\text{Number of Bonding Sites}} = (1)/(1) = 1`.