Answer:
He needs 0.48 liters of plant food.
Yes, one bottle is enough for 12 weeks.
Explanation:
William uses 40 mililiters each week.
Let be
the total amount of liquid plant food he needs for 12 weeks. It can be calculated by multiplying 12 by 0.40 mililiters. Then:

Make the conversion from mililters to liters (Remember that 1 liter has 1,000 mililiters):

Then, he needs for 12 weeks:
As he bought a 0.5 -liter bottle of liquid plant food and he needs 0.48 liters for 12 weeks, you can conclude that one bottle is enough for 12 weeks.