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According to bronsted-lowry definition of acids and bases what substances form when HCI dissociates in water

User Rinesse
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Final answer:

HCl dissociates in water to produce chloride ions (Cl-) and hydronium ions (H3O+), with HCl being a proton donor and hence a Brønsted-Lowry acid, and water acting as a proton acceptor, or a Brønsted-Lowry base.

Step-by-step explanation:

According to the Brønsted-Lowry definition of acids and bases, when HCl dissociates in water, it forms chloride ions (Cl⁻) and hydronium ions (H3O⁺). HCl acts as a Brønsted-Lowry acid as it donates a proton (H⁺) to the water molecule, which acts as a Brønsted-Lowry base by accepting the proton. This transfer of a hydrogen ion from HCl to H2O results in the formation of hydronium ions, confirming HCl as an acid in both the Arrhenius and the Brønsted-Lowry sense.

User SnareChops
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So the Bronsted-Lowry definition of acid and bases states that an acid is a subtance that can donate a proton to another substance in a chemical reaction, while a base is a substance that can accept a proton from another substance in a chemical reaction.

It also states that the products that are formed from these acids and bases reacting are called conjugate acids and bases. Where a conjugate acid is define as an acid generated as a result of a base accepting a proton, while a conjugate base is defined as the base generated as a result of an acid donating a proton.

With this is in mind, what substances form when HCl dissociates in water?

Here is the reaction:

HCl + H2O ⇒ H3O+ + Cl-

The substances that form are H3O+ which is a conjugate acid and Cl- which is a conjugate base, all according to the definition of a Bronsted-Lowry acid and base.

User Mark Olsen
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