The correct answer is A.
Separation of powers refers to the division of government's responsibilities into distinct branches to limit any one branch from exercising too much power over another one.
This is the core of the check and balances principle in the United States.
The Constitution establishes three branches of the Government:
- the executive branch for implementing the laws,
- the legislative branch for creating and enacting the laws,
- the judicial branch for interpreting the Constitution.
No democratic system exists with absolute separation of powers, governmental powers and responsibilities often overlap.