Answer:
See below
Explanation:
(a) What happened?
Heat flowed spontaneously from the hotter object (the water) to the cooler object (the metal) until equilibrium was reached (both objects were at the same temperature).
(b) Specific heat capacity
The specific heat capacity is the amount of heat it takes to raise or lower the temperature of 1 g of a substance by 1 °C.
The specific heat capacity of most metals is less than 10 % that of water.
If you have the same masses of metal and water, 1 J of heat will change the temperature of the metal 10 times as much as it does to the water.
The heat lost by the water was the same as the heat gained by the metal. However, the temperature of the water dropped much less than that of the metals increased.
Water must have a higher specific heat capacity than the metals.
(c) Effect of ocean on temperature
The specific heat capacity of water is about six times that of soil and rock.
When the land heats up in daytime, the air above it heats up as well.
The ocean heats up much less than the land, because the water has a high specific heat capacity.
Thus, the air above the water does not heat up as much as the air over the land.
Similarly, the land cools down faster than the ocean.
Therefore, areas near the ocean generally do not experience the same drastic temperature changes between daytime and nighttime temperatures.