1.The Warren Field calendar in Scotland is thought to be the oldest calendar in the world, at over 10,000 years old.
The Warren Field calendar is a Mesolithic lunar calendar that was found in Warren Field, Scotland in 2004. It has pits representing the phases of the Moon and it is considered the oldest calendar yet found.
2. The Egyptians built temples and structures that aligned with certain constellations.
Ancient Egyptians built many religious monuments and temples, and many of them were built according to the position of astronomical objects. The famous Pyramids of Giza, for example, are considered to be aligned with Orion's belt.
3. The Chinese developed the world's first star catalog.
The first star catalogs were made during the Shang Dynasty (1700-1100 BCE) in Ancient China. These represented 28 set of stars that are located over the Ecliptic.
4. During the Golden Age of Astronomy, the Greeks made many contributions to the calculations of the movements of the planets.
During the Classical period, Greek astronomers like Hipparchus, Aristarchus, Eratosthenes, and Ptolemy made several accurate calculations about the motion of the planets.
4. 4. The Antikythera was a famous Greek invention designed to predict the positions of astronomical bodies as well as eclipses.
The Antikythera mechanism was an ancient Greek invention that is considered one of the oldest analogical computers ever made. It was designed in order to predict the position of astronomical bodies, eclipses, and the exact date of ancient Greek holidays.
5. The Mayas calculated the duration of a year and the lunar phases.
The Mayas made accurate calculations of the duration of the year and lunar phases. Their calculations of the tropical year and synodic month were more accurate than that of the Spanish when they first arrived in the 16th century.