Answer:
D) Protects the developing mother spore cells
Step-by-step explanation:
A structure called a sporangium is found in some plants and other creatures and is responsible for producing and storing spores. Spores, which are haploid structures made by organisms, aid in the germination and formation of new organisms.
A structure called a sporangium is found in some plants and other creatures and is responsible for producing and storing spores. Spores, haploid structures produced by organisms, aid in germination and the development of new species. They assist in the process of reproduction, in other words. What does it actually imply that they are haploid, though? Simply said, it indicates that there are just half the chromosomes needed to create a complete diploid creature. The sporangia can divide through mitosis, or cell division, to manufacture and release spores.
A single, potentially complex morphologically produced sporangium is produced by an unbranched sporophyte in mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. The majority of ferns, many lycophytes, and non-vascular plants are homosporous (only one kind of spore is produced). Some ferns, the majority of lycophytes, and some bryophytes are heterosporous (two kinds of spores are produced). These plants generate gametophytes that are functionally male or female, respectively, by the development of microspores and megaspores. Occasionally, two types of spores are generated in the same sporangium and may even form a spore tetrad together.
Microsporangia and megasporangia, two different types of sporangia, are present in the majority of heterosporous plants. All seed plants, as well as a few ferns (Salviniaceae and Marsileaceae), some lycophytes (genera Selaginella and Isoetes, as well as the extinct lepidodendrids), are heterosporous with two types of sporangia.
Sporangia can grow near the terminals of stems, along their sides, or in close proximity to leaves. In ferns, sporangia are often located on the abaxial surface of the leaf, or the underside, where they are tightly grouped into clusters called sori. An indusium, a type of structure, could be present across Sori. The sporangia of certain ferns are dispersed along with the shortened leaf segments or along (or just in from) the leaf edge.
The sporangium has an indirect involvement in sexual reproduction and an active part in asexual reproduction in several phyla of fungus. The sporangium, which has haploid nuclei and cytoplasm, develops on the sporangiophore. Each haploid nucleus and cytoplasm are encased in a hard outer membrane as the spores develop in the sporangiophore. These spores spread by wind during asexual reproduction and develop into haploid hyphae.
Although sexual reproduction in fungus differs between phyla, the sporangium indirectly contributes to sexual reproduction in some fungi. When two haploid hyphae from different individuals combine to produce a zygosporangium in response to adverse circumstances, sexual reproduction takes place in Zygomycota. The zygosporangium's haploid nuclei subsequently combine to form diploid nuclei.
When the environment is more favorable, the zygosporangium germinates, goes through meiosis, and develops into a sporangium that releases spores.