B. The path from innocence to experience can be long and difficult.
D. The loss of innocence is a result of gaining experience and making mistakes.
E. Protecting the innocence of others prevents them from taking risks in their lives.
These are the best choices. A universal theme is an idea that can apply to anyone no matter their differences. This definition of a universal theme doesn't work for option A because it only applies to boys who have seen the effects of war. It is too narrow to be a universal theme that applies to everyone. Option C is also not a great choice because it is a definition, not a statement about life. The other three options are statements that can apply to any person's life no matter their culture or location.