Answer:
Chronophotography
Step-by-step explanation:
Chronophotography is a newer photographic technique developed in the mid-nineteenth century. It was one of the earliest techniques used to depict motion. It involved capturing movement in several still frames and then arranging them as animation cells or layering them in a single frame. With chronophotography came Eadweard Muybridge’s famous studies in animal locomotion. In 1872, the Governor of California and racehorse owner, Leland Stanford, hired Muybridge to settle a popular debate of the day. The debate was about whether or not all four feet of a horse were off the ground at the same time while trotting or galloping. Muybridge used a row of cameras to film a horse and its rider as they passed in front of each camera. The galloping horse broke the threads tied to the shutter release. This caused the camera to shoot at exactly the right time, capturing the horse and rider in the image. The series of photographs yielded a continuous chronophotograph, showing that the horse did indeed lift all four feet off the ground during a gallop.
The Zoopraxiscope
Two years later, in 1880, Muybridge created the zoopraxiscope. This was an early projection device used to depict movement from a series of photographs—a chronophotograph. Using silhouettes of the images he created, he created one of the first projected motion images. The resulting study is called Sallie Gardner at a Gallop or The Horse in Motion. Muybridge went on to complete other animal locomotion studies using the same techniques for a bison running and two boys playing leapfrog.