The correct answer is: Each author uses non-English words and figurative language.
Indeed, the first author uses several Mexican Spanish words as “pachuco” and “tortillas” to provide ethnic color to his narration. Then, he uses figurative language (he took the tortillas out of his poetry) which is followed by a very explicit explanation, that the character in question “took the soul out of his poetry”.
The second author also uses foreign, non-English words such as “Oom-pah” and “Gorditas”.
Then, he uses figurative language and there is a hint of irony in the description that immediately follows the dialogue. The immediate landscape is used to show the “heritage-deprived” person that he actually does have a heritage. In other words, he does not need to be a hyphenated American in order to have a heritage because it is right there “dangling over his head”.
The symbolism of the “tall American tree” is used to show how the speaker of these lines that America has its own heritage, which lies in its history, its melting pot and its territory and he cannot even see it.