Answer:
The correct answer is 'scaffolding'.
Step-by-step explanation:
Little Atlas is right in the zone of proximal development. He will be able to improve and eventually climb up the stairs by himself. During this process, it is important to be provided with scaffolding in order for him to learn how to climb efficiently. That is why his mother instead of telling him what to do, she gives him little pushes that show him an effective way to climb. The spoken encouragement, on the other hand, gives little Atlas the praise he needs to boost his confidence and continue his efforts.
Scaffolding and the zone of proximal development were concepts developed when the theory of constructivism was noticed to be the most efficient for children's education and personal development.