Final answer:
A scientist observing surface groundwater features to determine sources of groundwater can map gullies, topography, recharge areas, and seepage from surface water.
Step-by-step explanation:
A scientist observing surface groundwater features to determine sources of groundwater can map several surface features. These include:
- Gullies: Erosional features that look like carved gullies by flowing water. They are often found on steep walls of valleys and craters.
- Topography: The water table, which generally lies near the surface of the ground and mimics the shape of the land surface. It rises with hills and sinks with valleys.
- Recharge areas: Locations where surface water infiltrates the ground, such as wetlands. These areas are excellent sources of groundwater.
- Seepage from surface water: Surface water sources like lakes, rivers, reservoirs, and swamps that contribute groundwater.