Final answer:
Germany and Indonesia have similarities in population demographics including a demographic transition leading to variations in age distribution, a urban-rural disparity affecting economic conditions, and issues surrounding education, military spending, and public satisfaction with the government.
Step-by-step explanation:
When comparing the population demographics of Germany and Indonesia, several similarities can be found despite these nations differing significantly in other aspects. Both countries have undergone demographic transitions, leading them to face challenges associated with population growth and its impacts on society. While the earlier stages of these transitions have brought about a decrease in mortality rates, with advances in health and medicine, they also encounter dilemmas due to varying birth rates, affecting age distribution and dependency ratios within their populations.
Moreover, both countries exhibit the rural versus urban disparity, which creates tension and economic inequality among their population. Factors such as education, military expenditure, and the level of citizen satisfaction with their governments, also contribute to the similarities in their demographic scenarios. It is important to note that Germany largely has an aging population, while Indonesia still hosts a younger demographic.