Mike gets angry because ben made a better grade on a test than he did. They get into an argument, and Mike takes a swing at Ben intending to hit him. Ben shoves Mike in order to avoid the blow. Which of the following is true regarding Ben's actions?
a. Ben has committed a battery
b. Ben has committed both an assault and a battery
c. Ben has not committed an assault or a battery because he acted in self-defense
d. Ben cannot rely on self-defense because he was involved in the argument and not completely innocent
e. Ben cannot rely upon self-defense because his life was not in danger