Answer:
3
Explanation:
The average rate of change of f(x) in the closed interval [ a, b ] is
here [ a, b ] = [ 1, 3 ]
f(b) = f(3) = 3² - 3 - 3 = 9 - 3 - 3 = 3
f(a) = f(1) = 1² - 1 - 3 = 1 - 1 - 3 = - 3
average rate of change = = = 3
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