Question

Explain the physiological changes that occur when the hypothalamus stimulates the sympathetic nervous system. you can make a flowchart or a simple step process. be sure to include all chemicals/hormones secreted, glands involved and the functions of each chemical/hormone.

Answer 1

The hypothalamus is a small part of the brain located just below the thalamus on both sides of the third ventricle. (The ventricles are areas within the cortex that are filled with cerebrospinal fluid, and connected to the medullary fluid). It is located within the two tracts of the optic nerve, and just above (intimately connected with) the pituitary gland.

The hypothalamus is one of the busiest parts of the brain, and is mainly related to homeostasis. The hypothalamus is responsible for regulating your hunger, thirst, pain response, levels of pleasure, sexual satisfaction, anger and aggressive behavior, and more. It also regulates the functioning of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems

Step-by-step explanation:

The function of the sympathetic nervous system is to prepare the body for the type of vigorous activities associated with flight or fight, that is, with the flight of danger or with the preparation for violence. Such activation has some of the following effects:

Pupil dilation

Open eyelids

Stimulates sweat glands

Dilatation of blood vessels in large muscles

Increase in heart rate

One of the effects is to cause the adrenal glands to release epinephrine in the bloodstream. Epinephrine is a hormone that causes several parts of the body to respond in the same way as the sympathetic nervous system. Once in the bloodstream, it takes a while to stop its effects. The sympathetic nervous system also carries worrying information to the pain of the internal organs.

Answer 2

The physiological changes that occur when the hypothalamus stimulates the sympathetic nervous system:

a) The stress caused in the system causes stressor to activate the Hypothalamic Pituitary Axis

b) Pitutary gland is then activated by the hypothalamus

c) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is then secreted by the pituitary gland

d) Adrenal glands get activated by the ACTH

e) After Activation Adrenal glands produces corticosteroid hormone which maintains the blood sugar level

f) Enhanced sugar level deals with stressor. The stress hormone cortisol is released at this stage by the adrenal cortex.