Answer:
a is 1, b is 2, c is 4, and d is 3.
Step-by-step explanation:
organisms passing on genes to their offspring (the next generation) is what we call hereditory genes.
giraffe offsprings having different spots than their parents is variation. each giraffe has a variety of different spots.
fish having more offspring and having limited resources means competition for the limited resources.
lastly, individuals who are stronger/faster strive to survive so the can reproduce.