Question

The belief that all scientific knowledge should be made available to everyone in the scientific community.

Answer 1

This is called Open science. Open science movement advocates that all scientific knowledge regarding as scientific data (open-data), software codes and licenses (open-source) or access to papers and samples (open access) should be free and available to anyone regardless of their professional level in society. One of the reason for this belif is that many research is carried out with public funding or that we could advance research by sharing scientific knowledge.

Answer 2

The belief that all scientific knowledge should be made available to everyone in the scientific communit is the norm of communalism.

The norm of communalism or communism, refers to the “common ownership of scientific findings.” Its principle is that “scientific knowledge should not be the personal property of the discoverer.” This norm of "communalism” is not related to the economic or political systems. It requires scientist to share mutual information and discoveries for more further, integral and complete investigation.