Question

A pH scale with pH values of some aqueous solutions. Look at the figure showing the pH values of some familiar aqueous solutions. What is the difference between H+ concentration in an acidic solution such as lemon juice (pH 2) and a basic solution such as household bleach (pH 13)? A pH scale with pH values of some aqueous solutions. Look at the figure showing the pH values of some familiar aqueous solutions. What is the difference between H+ concentration in an acidic solution such as lemon juice (pH 2) and a basic solution such as household bleach (pH 13)? The H+ concentration of lemon juice is higher than the H+ concentration of household bleach by a factor of 11. The H+ concentration of lemon juice is higher than the H+ concentration of household bleach by a factor of 1011 (100 billion). The H+ concentration of household bleach is higher than the H+ concentration of lemon juice by a factor of 1011 (100 billion).

Answer 1

Answer: The
`H^+` concentration of lemon juice is higher than the
`H^+` concentration of household bleach by a factor of
`10^(11)` (100 billion)

Explanation:- pH is the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration. Lower is the pH higher is the
`H^+` concentration.

`pH=-log[H^+]`

Acidic solutions have pH less than 7, neutral solutions have pH 7 and basic solutions have pH more than 7.

`2=-log[H^+]`

`H^+=10^(-2)`

Thus lemon juice with pH=2 , is acidic and has
`10^(-2)M` of
`H^+` concentration.

`13=-log[H^+]`

`H^+=10^(-13)`

Thus household bleach with pH=13 , is basic and has
`10^(-13)M` of
`H^+` concentration.

`(pH_(acid))/(pH_(base))=(10^(-2))/(10^(-13))=10^(11)`

Thus the
`H^+` concentration of lemon juice is higher than the
`H^+` concentration of household bleach by a factor of
`10^(11)` (100 billion)