Final answer:
Refraction, reflection, diffraction, and absorption are all interactions that occur when light waves interact with materials. Reflection is the bouncing off of a light wave from a material, while refraction is the change in speed and direction of a light wave as it passes through different substances. Diffraction is the bending and spreading out of light waves as they pass through narrow openings or around small objects, and absorption is when a material captures the energy of a light wave.
Step-by-step explanation:
Refraction, reflection, diffraction, and absorption are all interactions that occur when light waves interact with materials.
Reflection occurs when a light wave bounces off a material, like a mirror. It follows the law of reflection, which states that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
Refraction, on the other hand, occurs when a light wave changes speed and direction as it passes from one medium to another. The law of refraction states that the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is constant for a given pair of media.
Diffraction is the bending and spreading out of waves as they pass through an opening or encounter an obstacle. It can be observed when light passes through a narrow slit or around a small object.
Absorption occurs when a material captures the energy of a light wave. It can happen when light passes through a transparent material and the material absorbs some of the light's energy.