Parthenogenesis is defined as the reproduction from an ovum without fertilization, especially as a normal process in some invertebrates and lower plants. Parthenogenesis is a type of reproduction that does not require a mate. It’s rarely seen in birds and higher vertebrates. Parthenogenesis involves the formation of a zygote. But this zygote is formed without fertilization. In parthenogenesis, in the absence of a male gamete, the ovum develops directly in the zygote. It is particularly common amongst arthopods and rotifers.