Divide 112 by the possible answers. If the answer comes out even it is a factor. If it comes out with a decimal it is not a factor:
112 / 2 = 56, so 2 is a factor.
112/3 = 37.333., 3 is not a factor.
112 /4 = 28, 4 is a factor.
112 / 6 = 18.66, 6 is not a factor.
112 / 7 = 16, 7 is a factor.
112/8 = 14, 8 is a factor.
The factors are: 2 , 4 ,7 and 8.