Final answer:
Martin Luther King Jr.'s viewpoints were shaped by his experiences in a segregated society, which led him to believe in the necessity of direct action to end racial injustice and oppression, as reflected in his 'Letter from Birmingham Jail.'
Step-by-step explanation:
Living as an African American man in a segregated society deeply influenced Martin Luther King Jr.'s viewpoint, leading him to advocate that African Americans must proactively seek to end racial injustice and oppression. In his "Letter from Birmingham Jail," King articulated his frustration with the slow pace of social change and criticized those who were reluctant to support civil rights. Despite facing significant challenges and insufficient progress, King remained committed to nonviolent protest as the means to achieve social justice - a reflection of his beliefs influenced by the teachings of Mahatma Gandhi and his own Christian faith.
Based on King's writings, the correct answer to how living in a segregated society affected his viewpoint is A) It has led him to believe that African Americans must actively seek to end racial injustice and oppression. This viewpoint is evident as he calls for immediate and direct action rather than passively waiting for society to change of its own accord.